《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(5): 1163-1169

青蒿素对狗尾草和马齿苋种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应研究

燕志强，谈晶，郭凯，姚伦广^*

南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 河南南阳473061

通信作者：姚伦广；E-mail: lunguangyao@163.com

摘　要：

为明确化感物质青蒿素(AR)对2种常见杂草狗尾草和马齿苋种子萌发和幼苗生长的作用, 分别采用1、 10、 50、 100、 200 μmol·L-1的青蒿素处理种子, 测定其发芽势、发芽率、根长、茎长和鲜重, 以及过氧化氢(H2O2)、丙二醛(MDA)和游离脯氨酸(Pro)的含量。结果显示: AR对马齿苋种子的发芽率无明显影响,而50~200 μmol·L-1 AR处理对马齿苋种子发芽势以及狗尾草种子的发芽率和发芽势均有显著的抑制作用。幼苗生长方面, 10~200 μmol·L-1的AR对狗尾草和马齿苋的根长以及狗尾草的茎长均表现出显著的抑制活性; 而1 μmol·L-1的低浓度AR对马齿苋的茎长以及2种杂草的鲜重已有显著影响, 活性效果均呈现良好的量效关系。狗尾草和马齿苋中H2O2、 MDA和游离Pro的含量随AR浓度的增加而迅速升高, 在10或50 μmol·L-1浓度时达到显著水平。这些结果表明AR对马齿苋和狗尾草具有显著的化感效应, 这种抑制活性与氧化胁迫有关。

关键词：青蒿素; 狗尾草; 马齿苋; 化感效应

收稿：2020-06-09   修定：2021-04-26

资助：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(192102110049)、国家自然科学基金(31870917)和河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划 (20IRTSTHN024)

Allelopathic effects of artemisinin on seed germination and seedling growth of Setaria viridis and Portulaca oleracea

YAN Zhiqiang, TAN Jing, GUO Kai, YAO Lunguang^*

Henan Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, School of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China

Corresponding author: YAO Lunguang; E-mail: lunguangyao@163.com

Abstract:

This work was conducted to clarify the allelopathic effects of artemisinin (AR) on seed germination and seedling growth of two common weeds Setaria viridis and Portulaca oleracea. AR was used at concentrations of 1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 μmol·L-1, respectively. The germination potential, germination rate, root length, stem length, fresh weight, and the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline (Pro) of the two weed seeds were determined after treatments. Results show that AR had no signifcant effect on the germination rate of P. oleracea seeds. However, 50–200 μmol·L-1 AR signifcantly inhibited the germination potential of P. oleracea seeds, as well as the germination rate and germination potential of S. viridis seeds. In terms of seedling growth, 10–200 μmol·L-1 AR exhibited signifcant inhibitory activity on root growth of two weeds, as well as stem growth of S. viridis. While a low concentration (1 μmol·L-1) of AR exerted a signifcant effects on stem length of P. oleracea and fresh weight of the two weeds. The allelopathic effects of AR showed a good dose-effect manner. The contents of H2O2, MDA and free Pro in the two weeds were increased rapidly with the increase of AR concentration, showing signifcant difference when the concentrations reached 10 or 50 μmol·L-1. These results indicates that AR had signifcantly allelopathic effects on P. oleracea and S. viridis, which is related to oxidative stress.

Key words: artemisinin; Setaria viridis; Portulaca oleracea; allelopathic effect